What’s the Deal with Semaglutide?
has been popping up in news headlines and social media feeds since last year. That’s because the branded version called Ozempic has surged in popularity—and notoriety—for its off-label use as a weight-loss medication.
In terms of being a "fad," it's important to note that medications should not be used as fad treatments and should only be taken under the supervision of a healthcare professional. While the term might suggest a trend or a quick fix, the use of semaglutide is based on scientific evidence and medical need. Clinical trials and regulatory approval support its efficacy and safety.
Semaglutide is not a cure for obesity or type 2 diabetes. It is part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes diet, exercise, and other medications as necessary.
What Is Semaglutide?
Semaglutide is a medication used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and chronic weight management. It is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist that increases insulin secretion, decreases glucagon secretion, and slows gastric emptying to help control blood sugar levels and promote weight loss.
In 2021, Semaglutide was approved by the FDA for chronic weight management in adults with obesity or overweight with at least one weight-related condition (such as high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, or high cholesterol), in addition to diet and physical activity.
Semaglutide is a peptide sold by Novo Nordisk under the brand names Ozempic, Rybelsus, and Wegovy for the long-term treatment of type 2 diabetes or obesity.
The drug belongs to the family of incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists that have been used in type 2 diabetes treatment for almost 20 years. GLP-1 receptor agonists mimic the GLP-1 hormone, which increases insulin production when blood glucose levels are elevated. The GLP-1 hormone also slows gastric emptying, prolonging the feeling of fullness after eating, and works as an appetite suppressant by targeting parts of the brain responsible for hunger and cravings.
What’s the Difference Between Brands?
The differences among these branded products are in the dosage, administration, and indication, explained Susan Yanovski, MD, the senior scientific advisor for clinical obesity research and co-director of the Office of Obesity Research at the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Ozempic in 2017 to treat type 2 diabetes. Similar to other GLP-1 receptor agonists, it’s often added to improve glycemic control when patients have already tried metformin without much success. It’s available in doses of 0.5 mg to 2 mg and self-administered weekly with injectable pens.
In 2019, the FDA approved Rybelsus, a daily oral medication, to help control blood glucose in adults with type 2 diabetes. It’s available in 7-mg or 14-mg tablets.
Then, in 2021, Wegovy received FDA approval for chronic weight management for adults with obesity or those who are overweight with at least 1 weight-related condition, such as type 2 diabetes, high cholesterol, or hypertension. Last year, it was approved for adolescents aged 12 years or older.
Like Ozempic, Wegovy requires a weekly pen injection but at a higher dose of 2.4 mg. At that dose, Semaglutide combined with a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity produced an average weight loss of about 15% at 68 weeks among clinical trial participants without type 2 diabetes, and those results were sustained at year 2 in a related trial.
Efficacy of Semaglutide
Positive Outcomes
Numerous clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of semaglutide in managing diabetes. It has shown significant reductions in HbA1c levels, which is a long-term marker of blood sugar control. Semaglutide has also been associated with weight loss, cardiovascular benefits, and improvements in overall well-being for many patients.
Limitations and Side Effects
Despite the positive outcomes, semaglutide may not be suitable for everyone. Some individuals may experience side effects such as nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Additionally, certain medical conditions or allergies might prevent the safe use of semaglutide.
Factors to Consider
Patient Preferences and Goals
Understanding the patient's preferences and goals is crucial for successful diabetes management. For instance, alternative treatment options should be explored if a patient prefers oral medications over injections. Similarly, if weight loss is a priority, healthcare providers can consider medications that have demonstrated such benefits.
Lifestyle and Habits
Lifestyle plays a significant role in managing diabetes. Factors such as diet, exercise, and stress levels can impact treatment effectiveness. Alternative treatments may be more suitable for individuals with erratic meal patterns or those struggling with medication adherence.
Underlying Health Conditions
Patients with comorbidities like cardiovascular disease or kidney impairment require careful consideration when prescribing diabetes medications. Some medications, such as semaglutide, may have specific contraindications or precautions in these cases. Healthcare providers should evaluate the patient's overall health status and consider alternative safe and effective treatments for their specific conditions.
Alternatives to Semaglutide
Other GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
While semaglutide is one of the most widely recognized GLP-1 receptor agonists, other medications within the same class offer similar benefits. Options such as exenatide, liraglutide, and dulaglutide have also demonstrated efficacy in managing blood sugar levels and promoting weight loss. These alternatives can be explored for patients who may not be suitable candidates for semaglutide.
Different Classes of Diabetes Medications
Beyond GLP-1 receptor agonists, there are several other classes of diabetes medications available. These include metformin, sulfonylureas, DPP-4 inhibitors, SGLT-2 inhibitors, and insulin therapy. Each class has its own mechanisms of action and considerations, and the choice of medication should be based on the individual patient's needs and response.
Natural Weight Loss
When it comes to weight loss and blood sugar reduction, natural approaches can complement medical treatments and lifestyle modifications. Incorporating certain habits and making healthier choices can positively impact both weight management and blood sugar control. This section will explore some natural ways to achieve these goals.
1. Balanced Diet
Maintaining a balanced diet is essential for weight loss and blood sugar management. Focus on consuming whole, unprocessed foods such as fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and healthy fats. Avoid sugary beverages and limit the intake of processed foods, refined carbohydrates, and saturated fats. Opt for portion control and mindful eating, and consider consulting with a registered dietitian for personalized dietary guidance.
2. Regular Physical Activity
Engaging in regular physical activity is crucial for weight loss and improving insulin sensitivity. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week, such as brisk walking, cycling, or swimming. Additionally, include strength training exercises to build lean muscle mass, which can help boost metabolism and improve blood sugar regulation.
3. Adequate Hydration
Drinking plenty of water throughout the day is important for overall health and weight management. Water helps maintain proper hydration, promotes digestion, and reduces calorie intake. Replace sugary drinks with water or herbal teas to avoid unnecessary added sugars.
4. Fiber-Rich Foods
Incorporate fiber-rich foods into your diet as they feel full and can help control blood sugar levels. Include sources of soluble fiber like fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains. These foods can slow down digestion and the absorption of sugars, promoting better blood sugar control and supporting weight loss efforts.
5. Stress Management
Chronic stress can contribute to weight gain and negatively impact blood sugar regulation. Incorporate stress-management techniques such as meditation, deep breathing exercises, yoga, or engaging in hobbies that you enjoy. Prioritizing self-care and finding healthy ways to cope with stress can aid in weight management and blood sugar control.
6. Sufficient Sleep
Getting adequate sleep is often overlooked but plays a significant role in maintaining a healthy weight and blood sugar levels. Lack of sleep can disrupt hormone balance, leading to increased hunger, cravings, and insulin resistance. Aim for 7-8 hours of quality sleep each night to support your weight loss and blood sugar management goals.
7. Herbal Supplements
Certain herbal supplements may help support weight loss and blood sugar control. However, consulting with a healthcare professional before adding supplements to your routine is important. Some commonly used supplements include cinnamon, chromium, berberine, and green tea extract. These supplements may have modest effects and should be used in conjunction with a healthy lifestyle.
Cosmetic Weight Support
Body Contouring
Incorporating natural approaches alongside medical treatments and lifestyle modifications can aid in weight loss and blood sugar control. A balanced diet, regular physical activity, hydration, fiber-rich foods, stress management, sufficient sleep, and selected herbal supplements can all contribute to better overall health.
Here at KRCH Aesthetic Medicine, we believe in a holistic, whole-body approach to looking and feeling your best. If losing a fair amount of weight is your goal, you may choose to work with healthcare professionals or registered dietitians to personalize your approach and ensure it aligns with your specific needs and circumstances. Embracing these natural strategies can empower you to take charge of your health and well-being.
When you’re close to your weight goals, we’re available to sculpt and tone your muscles and curves with our body contouring options. To learn more about which options can work best for you, contact us here.
Further Reading
